Fertilizer production
- Process role: Acidulation / process reagent
- Critical parameters: Concentration; impurities; bulk continuity
OGSCM / TECHNICAL PROCUREMENT INTELLIGENCE
Sulfuric Acid (H₂SO₄)
Concentration-Controlled Mineral Acid for Fertilizer, Water Treatment, Refining, Batteries and Process Industries
Sulfuric acid procurement must begin with concentration and grade. Properties, freezing behavior, corrosion, packaging compatibility and process suitability change substantially with concentration. A generic H₂SO₄ page should therefore distinguish concentrated acid, diluted acid, battery/electrolyte requirements and high-purity/laboratory grades rather than presenting one set of physical values as universal.
High Adsorption Performance
Consistent Quality
Reliable Supply
Flexible Supply Options
Trusted by industries across GCC & MENA
Pharmaceuticals
Laboratory & HPLC
Chemical Synthesis
Agrochemicals
Extraction & Purification
CHEMISTRY, MANUFACTURING CONTEXT & MATERIAL BEHAVIOUR
Sulfuric acid is a strong diprotic mineral acid and powerful dehydrating medium at high concentration. Industrial production is dominated by the contact process: sulfur-containing feed is converted to SO₂, catalytically oxidized to SO₃, absorbed into concentrated sulfuric acid/oleum and adjusted to the required acid concentration. For buyers, the final concentration and impurity profile matter more than a generic pure-compound property table.
PROCESS-ENGINEERING & GRADE-SELECTION CONSIDERATIONS
- Do not apply pure-acid melting/boiling values to every commercial concentration. Freezing behavior is concentration-dependent and can become operationally important in tanks and lines.
- Materials compatibility is also concentration- and temperature-dependent. Carbon steel may be used in specific concentrated-acid service, while diluted/hot acid can be far more corrosive; materials selection must follow engineering corrosion data.
- Dilution is highly exothermic. Receiving/dilution systems require an approved engineered procedure and heat-management basis; website content should not substitute for operating instructions.
- For battery, water-treatment, fertilizer, refinery or high-purity use, define concentration and impurity limits specific to the process.
- The source draft's '1000-liter tanker' wording is ambiguous; distinguish IBC/tote capacity from road-tanker/bulk delivery before publishing a packaging claim.
◎ Technical Specifications
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
Formula | H₂SO₄ |
CAS | 7664-93-9 |
Molar mass | 98.08 g/mol |
Appearance | Colorless, oily/hygroscopic liquid when pure; commercial appearance depends on grade/impurities |
Reference melting point | ~10.3°C for pure H₂SO₄; not a universal value for aqueous commercial grades |
Reference boiling behaviour | ~337°C for pure acid with decomposition; concentration-dependent for solutions |
Key procurement variable | H₂SO₄ concentration / assay |
Source-draft packaging | 20 L containers, 220 L barrels, '1000 L tanker' stated in source and requires supplier/logistics confirmation |
Critical hazard | Severely corrosive; dilution with water is strongly exothermic |
INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION MATRIX
Water & wastewater
- Process role: pH adjustment / acidification
- Critical parameters: Concentration; dosing system; contaminants
Refinery / alkylation / petrochemical service
- Process role: Process acid in defined units
- Critical parameters: Acid strength; contaminants; regeneration/process requirements
Lead-acid batteries | Process role
Electrolyte preparation / battery-grade acid | Critical parameters: Battery-grade purity; concentration; metals/impurities
Pulp, paper, textile & chemical processing
- Process role: Acidification / process chemistry
- Critical parameters: Grade; concentration; corrosion compatibility
QUALITY CONTROL, COA PARAMETERS & TEST FOCUS
- H₂SO₄ assay / concentration | Method/evidence: Titration / density correlation with validated method | Why it matters: Primary process variable
- Density / specific gravity | Method/evidence: Density meter / hydrometer | Why it matters: Receiving concentration check
- Iron | Method/evidence: ICP/AAS / validated method | Why it matters: Corrosion/product contamination control
- Residue / nonvolatile matter | Method/evidence: Gravimetric | Why it matters: Purity assessment
- Chloride / nitrate / heavy metals | Method/evidence: Application-specific analytical methods | Why it matters: Battery/high-purity/process suitability
- Appearance / color | Method/evidence: Visual/colorimetric | Why it matters: Contamination screen
STORAGE, HANDLING, COMPATIBILITY & HSE
Sulfuric acid is severely corrosive and can generate hazardous acid mist. Use closed transfer where feasible, acid-resistant PPE, face/eye protection, compatible equipment, secondary containment and emergency facilities. Mixing with water releases substantial heat. Exact dilution, spill and neutralization procedures must come from the site engineering procedure and supplier SDS.
PACKAGING, TRANSPORT & GCC / MENA SUPPLY PLANNING
The source draft lists 20 L, 220 L and 1000 L configurations. These should not be treated as universally suitable: packaging material and transport mode depend on acid concentration and supplier approval. For GCC/MENA, confirm concentration, compatible container/tank metallurgy or polymer, venting, unloading connection, dangerous-goods documentation, route and receiving storage.
Why Choose OGSCM?
Application-Driven Solutions
We match the right grade to your process needs.
Reliable Supply Chain
On-time delivery with strong regional & global logistics.
Quality You Can Trust
Strict quality control and batch consistency.
Expert Support
Technical & commercial support throughout your procurement journey.
Regional Presence
Serving industries across GCC and MENA with local expertise.
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
No. Corrosion, freezing, density, heat effects and process behavior vary strongly with concentration.
No. It is a pure-acid reference value; aqueous grades have concentration-dependent freezing behavior.
It directly affects process stoichiometry, density, corrosion, storage and logistics.
No. Container materials and transport configuration must be compatible with the actual acid concentration and route.
