Xylene is a flammable liquid, odorless and insoluble in water, and is often considered as a solvent in chemical reactions. Xylene has three isomeric forms ortho, meta and para with different physical and chemical properties. Xylenes are an important petrochemical produced by catalytic reforming and also by coal carbonisation in the manufacture of coke fuel. They also occur in crude oil in concentrations of about 0.5–1%, depending on the source. Small quantities occur in gasoline and aircraft fuels. Xylenes are produced mainly as part of the BTX aromatics (benzene, toluene, and xylenes) extracted from the product of catalytic reforming known as reformate.
Technical Characteristics
| Chemical Formula | C8H10 |
| Other names | Xylol Dimethyl benzene |
| CAS Number | 1330-20-7 (mixture); o-Xylene: 95-47-6 m-Xylene: 108-38-3 p-Xylene: 106-42-3 |
| Molecular mass | 106.16 g/mol |
| Melting Point | -47 °C (mixture) |
| Boiling Point: | 138.5 °C (mixture) |
| Appearance | Colorless liquid |
Applications
• Production of raw chemicals for synthetic fibers
• Pharmaceuticals
• As a solvent and diluent in paint, varnish, glue, ink
• In leather, rubber and printing industries as a substitute for toluene
• Production of monomers
• Production of ethylbenzene and benzene
• In order to prevent permeability and to strengthen devices and transmission lines such as oil and gas transmission lines
• Detergents industries
Environmental impact of Xylene
Xylene is a volatile organic compound that, if released into the environment, can have negative impacts on water, air, and soil quality. The rapid evaporation of xylene in air can contribute to ambient air pollution, and in water, it is toxic to aquatic organisms. In addition, improper release of xylene may cause contamination of soil and groundwater resources, which has long-term consequences due to its persistence in the environment.
Safety Measures and Regulations for Handling Xylene
When working with xylene, it is essential to use personal protective equipment such as gloves, safety glasses and a respirator. This chemical should be stored and used in well-ventilated areas to prevent inhalation of its vapors. Xylene should also be stored in closed, chemical-resistant containers and kept away from heat and flame sources. In the event of a leak or spill, it should be cleaned up immediately and prevented from entering sewers or water supplies. It is essential to follow local regulations for the transportation and disposal of xylene.
Packing
This chemical is available in 180 kg barrels or in bulk.