Sodium hypochlorite is a chemical with the formula NaOCl. The solution of this chemical is sold as bleach and is sold under the trade name Javel water. Javel water, also known as bleaching liquid and Vitex in Persian, is a solution used for disinfection, bleaching, and deodorization.
By dissolving salt in water, the solution is electrolyzed to form a solution of sodium hypochlorite in water. This solution contains 150 grams of active chlorine (Cl2) per liter. During this reaction, explosive hydrogen gas is also formed. Also, by adding chlorine gas (Cl2) to caustic soda (NaOH), sodium hypochlorite, water (H2O), and salt (NaCl) are produced.
Technical Characteristics
| Chemical Formula | NaOCl |
| Other names | Antiformin Bleach Chloride of soda Sodium chloroxide |
| CAS Number | 7681-52-9 (Anhydrous) |
| Molar mass | 74.442 g/mol |
| Density | 1.11 g/cm3 |
| Melting Point | 18 °C |
| Boiling Point: | 101 °C – decompose |
| Appearance | White crystalline solid (anhydrous) |
Applications
– Textile and paint industries
– Detergent industry
– Petrochemical industry
– Water and wastewater treatment
– Food industry
– Agriculture
– Glass industry
– Paper industry
Environmental impact of Sodium hypochlorite
Sodium hypochlorite can cause water and soil pollution, especially if it enters the environment in large quantities. It decomposes quickly, but if it remains in the environment, it can be toxic to aquatic organisms and cause damage to ecosystems. Its vapors can also be harmful to human and animal health.
Safety Measures and Regulations for Handling Sodium hypochlorite
Chemical-resistant gloves, safety glasses, and protective clothing should be worn when working with sodium hypochlorite. This material should be stored in well-ventilated areas and direct contact with skin and eyes should be avoided. In case of spillage or contact with skin, wash immediately with water.
Packing
The packing of this chemical depends on the its form ( Anhydrous or hydrous). It can be packed in IBC, Barrel, or 25 kg bag.