Perchloroethylene (C₂Cl₄), also known by other names such as tetrachloroethylene and tetrachloroethane, is a colorless liquid with the chemical formula C₂Cl₄. Due to its non-flammability, high stability, and volatility, it is used as a suitable solvent for organic compounds. Its Perstabil grade is mostly used in dry cleaners, washing equipment, and also in industrial applications.
It was first synthesized by Michael Faraday in 1821 through the thermal decomposition of hexachloroethane, and its commercial production began in 1985. Also, the Catalyst grade of this chemical acts as a chlorinating agent and, by producing abundant chloride ions, is used as an accelerator of catalyst activity in the isomerization process of refineries to produce gasoline.
This compound begins to decompose to H₂S at low temperatures, eliminating the risks of reducing metal oxides prior to sulfidation. Three different grades of this product are available: dry-cleaning grade, steam grade, and refinery/catalytic grade.
Technical Characteristics
| Chemical Formula | C2Cl4 |
| Other names | TetrachloroethenePerchloroethylenePERC PCE |
| CAS Number | 127-18-4 |
| Viscosity | 0.89 cP at 25 °C |
| Density | 1.622 g/cm3 |
| Molar mass | 165.82 g/mol |
| Melting Point | −22.0 to −22.7 °C |
| Boiling Point | 121.1 °C |
| Appearance | Clear, colorless liquid |
Applications
- Degreasing metal parts
- Solvent in the leather industry
- Co-catalyst
- Lubricants
- Making sofa wood
- Insulation and lubrication of adhesives
- Stone and metal coating and polishing
- Paint, ink and ink removal products
- Dry-cleaning
Environmental impact of C2Cl4
Perchloroethylene (C₂Cl₄) can have significant environmental impacts, especially if not managed properly. It breaks down slowly in the environment and can leach into and contaminate soil and water sources. As a volatile compound, perchloroethylene can enter the atmosphere and contribute to air pollution and air quality degradation. It may also be toxic to ecosystems and living organisms over long periods of time.
Safety Measures and Regulations for Handling C2Cl4
When working with perchloroethylene, it is essential to observe safety principles. The use of personal protective equipment such as gloves, safety glasses and a respirator are mandatory to prevent contact with the skin, eyes and inhalation of the vapors of this substance. The work environment should be well ventilated and the substance should be stored in closed, corrosion-resistant containers. When disposing of perchloroethylene waste, environmental regulations should be observed to prevent environmental pollution.
Packing
This Chemical is supplied in 330 kg barrel.