The isomerization of light paraffinic hydrocarbons is a strategic refining process widely implemented in modern oil refineries. Its primary objective is to increase the octane number of light naphtha fractions by converting normal alkanes into branched-chain isomers. This transformation occurs without increasing the aromatic content or requiring lead-based additives, thereby fully complying with environmental regulations and global clean fuel standards. Conversion of normal pentane (n-C5) and normal hexane (n-C6) into their branched isomers, isopentane (i-C5) and isohexane (i-C6), through catalytic isomerization reactions.Utilization of bifunctional metal–acid catalysts, such as Pt/Cl–Al2O3, which provide both acidic and metallic functionalities essential for the isomerization pathway. Typical temperature range of 120–180 °C and operating pressure between 10–30 bar, with a high hydrogen-to-hydrocarbon (H2/HC) ratio to suppress coke formation.

 

Chemicals

  • Hydrogen (H2): Prevents coke deposition and enhances catalyst stability.
  • Hydrogen Chloride (HCl): Maintains the acidic functionality of the catalyst.
  • Perchloroethylene (C2Cl4): Acts as a chlorinating agent, replenishing chlorine on the catalyst surface and extending catalyst lifetime.

 

Major Equipment

  • Fixed-Bed Isomerization Reactor
  • Catalyst Bed containing Pt/Cl–Al2O3 or next-generation zeolite-based catalysts
  • Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchangers for feed preheating and energy recovery
  • Hydrogen Recycle Compressor
  • Fractionation Columns for separation of isomers and recycling of unreacted components
  • Advanced Control and Safety Systems (DCS/ESD) for process stability and safety assurance
  • Safety and Control valves for control the flow and sustainability of production process.

 

Advantages and Economic Justification

  • Octane Number Enhancement: Direct improvement of gasoline quality without toxic additives.
  • Environmental Compliance: Reduced aromatics and elimination of lead additives such as tetraethyl lead (TEL).
  • Extended Catalyst Life: Achieved through optimized use of H2 and
  • Economic Benefits: Upgrading low-value light naphtha into high-value gasoline blending components.
  • Refinery Flexibility: Seamless integration with catalytic reforming and fluid catalytic cracking (FCC)

 

 

OGSCM with a distinguished history of supplying chemicals, specialized equipment, and associated spare parts, as referenced above, is committed to standing alongside you as a strategic partner.